1. Library of Congress, The Gramophone Early Sound Recording Devices, https://www.loc.gov/collections/emile-berliner/articles-and-essays/gramophone/
2. The Vintage Record, The History of Vinyl, by american history now- exploration in digital Curation. Jan 27, 2014. http://americanhistorynow.org/2014/01/27/the-history-of-vinyl/.
3. Patmore D., Selling sounds: Recordings and the record business [J] The Cambridge Companion to Recorded Music, 2019, pp.120–134.
4. Kenney W. H., Recorded music in American life: The phonograph and popular memory, 1890-1945 [M] Oxford University Press on Demand, 1999, pp.11.
5. RIAA. 1979-2019 U.S.Recorded Music Revenues by Format, 2022. https://public.tableau.com/views/U_S_RecordedMusicRevenuesbyFormat_0/RevenuesbyFormat?%3AshowVizHome=no.