Laser Welding of Titanium Alloys with an Yb: YAG Disk Source

Abstract

In this paper, the laser welding of thin titanium sheet in a butt joint configuration are investigated using a continuous Yb: YAG disk source, with high beam quality and a particular fiber configuration, enable to provide a broad range of beam diameters with different intensity distribution. The thermal efficiency of the laser process is discussed as a function of the fiber type. The weldability results for the CP Ti grade 2 and the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy are expressed in terms of full penetration, and correct bead geometry (NF L06-395-2000). Full penetration welds are easily achieved with the core fiber, but the outer fiber produces welds with limited geometric defects. Butt joints microstructure consists of an acicular α phase in the fusion zone for CP Ti, and a martensitic α’ phase for the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Tensile test results confirm a similar or slightly higher joint strength for the full penetration welds, compared with the parent metal.