RELEVANCE OF INTERPRETATION AS THE DETERMINANT OF THE BARNUM EFFECT

Author:

Kalita V. V.1,Gaidai A. S.2

Affiliation:

1. Far Eastern Federal University

2. Admiral Nevelskoi Maritime State University

Abstract

The current research features the relevance of the psychological portrait as a factor of influence on the Barnum effect. The article contains some definitions of the phenomenon in question, as well as some other relevant concepts. It offers a brief review of the literature on the matter. The subjects of the research were full-time students of the Far East Federal University and the Admiral Nevelskoy Maritime State University, who were offered to relate a trivial personal description to their self-concept. The study was carried out in accordance with the standard procedure used in empirical studies of the Barnum effect. The processing of the obtained data was carried out with the help of the Pearson statistical criterion χ2 . Based on the results of the study, a statistically significant difference in the assessment of the accuracy of the trivial personal description was found. The difference depends on the type of relevance, which clarifies the current understanding of the Barnum effect. The conclusion features some further ways of investigating the Barnum effect and using the obtained data.

Publisher

Kemerovo State University

Subject

General Medicine

Reference24 articles.

1. Forer B. R. The fallacy of personal validation: a classroom demonstration of gullibility. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, no. 44 (1949): 118–123. DOI: 10.1037/h0059240.

2. Rosen G. M. Effects of source prestige on subjects’ acceptance of the Barnum effect: Psychologist versus astrologer. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, no. 43 (1975): 95. DOI: 10.1037/h0076289.

3. Mosher D. L. Approval Motive and Acceptance of "Fake" Personality Test Interpretations which Differ in Favorability. Psychological Reports, no. 17 (1965): 395–402. DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1965.17.2.395.

4. Richards W. S., Merrens M. R. Student evaluation of generalized personality interpretations as a function of method of assessment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, no. 27 (1971): 457–459. DOI: 10.1002/1097-4679 (197110)27:43.0.co;2-i.

5. Kalita V. V., Gaidai A. S. Determinanty effekta Barnuma: ob»ektivnost’ kharaktera trivial’nykh lichnostnykh opisanii [Determinants of the Barnum Effect: Objectivity of the Character of Trivial Personal Descriptions]. Sibirskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal = Siberian Psychological Journal, no. 54 (2014): 48–61.

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