In this English translation of Nicomachean Ethics, the discussion begins with the statement that all human activities aim at some good: some goods are subordinate to others. The text then considers the notion that human good is generally equated with happiness, which in turn is identified with pleasure. It also reflects on moral virtues such as courage, temperance, liberality, pride, and magnificence, ambitiousness, and good temper; praise and blame in relation to voluntary actions; three kinds of friendship based on utility, pleasure, and virtue; and whether pleasure is a good or the good. It concludes with the assertion that happiness is the exercise of the highest virtue.