BACKGROUND
Hospitalized patients may experience negative symptoms, such as pain, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, stress, fatigue, or a combination of symptoms, particularly while in an unfamiliar environment
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to review technology-based music intervention protocol and examine the effectiveness of the intervention on anxiety and pain for hospitalized patients undergoing procedures
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted using electronic databases. The search keywords were selected from the main independent and dependent variables: technology-based music intervention, pain, and anxiety. A Matrix table using Excel spreadsheets was used to manage and synthesize data throughout the review process. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias version 2
RESULTS
Two themes were identified as the effects of music intervention on anxiety, and on pain. Thirteen studies (over 75%) assessed that anxiety scores decreased after music intervention, and ten studies were completed and showed that pain could be decreased pre, post, and during procedures. Music intervention is a non-pharmacological complementary approach, and more than 70% of patients reported a positive effect when allowed to select the music themselves
CONCLUSIONS
Futures studies can include the implementation of appropriate music intervention in different settings and studying the effects of anxiety and pain on these patients by allowing them to control the type of music they listen to, the duration they choose and on the smart device they select to decrease pain and anxiety
CLINICALTRIAL
N/A