BACKGROUND
Health equity between metropolitan and rural areas is a global concern, especially in vast countries like Australia, Canada, and the USA. Virtual care models in healthcare settings show promise in reducing disparities, with virtual hospitals potentially bridging the gap for isolated or underserved regions. However, evidence-based strategies and the complexities of virtual hospital implementation necessitate further research.
OBJECTIVE
This research examined the role of virtual hospitals in enhancing regional and remote healthcare by focusing on accessibility, patient and provider experiences, and implementation barriers and facilitators. It provides tailored recommendations for large-scale implementation in communities with access issues, contributing to the discussion on equitable healthcare.
METHODS
A rapid review following WHO guidelines was conducted, covering 23 peer-reviewed articles and 12 sources of grey literature on virtual hospitals and virtual care-from-home services in regional and remote communities. Thematic analysis identified key themes.
RESULTS
The findings were categorised into four main themes: 1) Clinical and Health System Outcomes: Virtual hospitals reduced admissions, mortality, and length of stay while improving compliance, healthcare processes, and access to care. 2) Patient and Provider Perspectives: Enhanced satisfaction due to convenience, time and cost savings, and improved service delivery. 3) Barriers and Facilitators: Barriers included poor digital and language literacy, lack of coordination and communication, technical infrastructure, and financing. Facilitators addressed these issues. 4) Recommendations: Successful implementation requires stakeholder collaboration, patient-centred approaches, digital equity, sustainable funding, smart technology, and improved digital literacy.
CONCLUSIONS
Virtual hospitals have the potential to revolutionise regional and remote healthcare by overcoming barriers, utilising facilitators, and following recommended practices, leading to better clinical outcomes and increased satisfaction for patients and providers.