Modern Restoration Methods For Damaged Historical Buildings As A Result of Military Aggression. Case of Educational Institutions

Abstract

As a result of the military operations taking place on the territory of Ukraine, thousands of buildings and structures have suffered significant damage and destruction. A substantial share of such buildings belongs to immovable cultural heritage sites, such as historical buildings of local and national significance; frequently, including educational institutions such as kindergartens, schools, lyceums etc. Damaged buildings are subject to restoration by repairing or strengthening their building structures, restoration, or conservation. There is a large number of repair materials and technologies for conducting restoration works, which are regulated by the requirements of DSTU B V.3.1-2:2016. However, while performing repair work on the structures of historical buildings, it is necessary to focus on the DSTU-NB B B.3.2-4 requirements. Among the most common types of damage to historical buildings caused by blast waves, splinters etc., are cracks in the masonry of wall structures and foundations; cracks in the joint of structures; knocking out fragments of masonry with damage to facing; damage to the elements of the floor and covering; systematic soaking of foundations etc. An essential aspect of restoring historical buildings is the maximum preservation of their historical and cultural significance with minimal interventions in the structure of structures and their appearance. The article considers modern methods of restoring the operational suitability of historical building elements, namely repair of cracks by injection and impregnation; strengthening the walls of buildings with the help of external reinforcement with carbon tapes and installation of high-strength rods in stone walls; restoration of stonework using special mixtures; strengthening of reinforced concrete and metal span elements with high-strength carbon fabrics, or lamellas (FRP); installation of waterproofing of walls subjected to systematic locking from the middle of the building.