The pleiotropic roles of leptin in metabolism, immunity, and cancer

Author:

de Candia Paola1ORCID,Prattichizzo Francesco1ORCID,Garavelli Silvia2ORCID,Alviggi Carlo3ORCID,La Cava Antonio4ORCID,Matarese Giuseppe25ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

2. Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy

3. Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Naples, Italy

4. Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

5. T reg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Naples, Italy

Abstract

The discovery of the archetypal adipocytokine leptin and how it regulates energy homeostasis have represented breakthroughs in our understanding of the endocrine function of the adipose tissue and the biological determinants of human obesity. Investigations on leptin have also been instrumental in identifying physio-pathological connections between metabolic regulation and multiple immunological functions. For example, the description of the promoting activities of leptin on inflammation and cell proliferation have recognized the detrimental effects of leptin in connecting dysmetabolic conditions with cancer and with onset and/or progression of autoimmune disease. Here we review the multiple biological functions and complex framework of operations of leptin, discussing why and how the pleiotropic activities of this adipocytokine still pose major hurdles in the development of effective leptin-based therapeutic opportunities for different clinical conditions.

Funder

Italian Ministry of Health

Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla

Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale

Publisher

Rockefeller University Press

Subject

Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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