Follicular B Helper T Cells Express Cxc Chemokine Receptor 5, Localize to B Cell Follicles, and Support Immunoglobulin Production

Author:

Breitfeld Dagmar1,Ohl Lars1,Kremmer Elisabeth2,Ellwart Joachim2,Sallusto Federica3,Lipp Martin1,Förster Reinhold1

Affiliation:

1. Molecular Tumor and Immunogenetics, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin, Germany

2. Institute of Molecular Immunology, GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, 81377 München, Germany

3. Institute of Research in Biomedicine, 6500 Belinzona, Switzerland

Abstract

Chemokines and their receptors have been identified as major regulators controlling the functional organization of secondary lymphoid organs. Here we show that expression of CXC chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5), a chemokine receptor required for B cell homing to B cell follicles, defines a novel subpopulation of B helper T cells localizing to follicles. In peripheral blood these cells coexpress CD45RO and the T cell homing CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7). In secondary lymphoid organs, CD4+CXCR5+ cells lose expression of CCR7, which allows them to localize to B cell follicles and germinal centers where they express high levels of CD40 ligand (CD40L), a costimulatory molecule required for B cell activation and inducible costimulator (ICOS), a recently identified costimulatory molecule of the CD28 family. Thus, when compared with CD4+CD45RO+CXCR5− cells, CD4+CD45RO+CXCR5+ tonsillar T cells efficiently support the production of immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG. In contrast, analysis of the memory response revealed that long-lasting memory cells are found within the CD4+CD45RO+CXCR5− population, suggesting that CXCR5+CD4 cells represent recently activated effector cells. Based on the characteristic localization within secondary lymphoid organs, we suggest to term these cells “follicular B helper T cells” (TFH).

Publisher

Rockefeller University Press

Subject

Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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