Psychosomatic dyssomnia in patients with different forms of diffuse alopecia: variability and intensity of clinical manifestations

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to analyze the presence, variability and intensity of sleep disturbances in patients with diffuse alopecia, in order to create, in the future, differentiated and individualized approaches to the management of this category of patients. 153 women aged 25 to 45 with diffuse alopecia were examined. With the help of a structured interview according to the ICD-10 criteria and the use of a psychodiagnostic method, three groups were distinguished among patients: without signs of mental maladjustment (MM), numbering 45 people, with separate signs of maladjustment, numbering 73 people, and with the presence of adaptation disorders, respectively to the criteria of ICD-10, numbering 35 people. Within each of these groups, two subgroups were distinguished, taking into account the genesis of alopecia: metabolic (45 patients) or mixed (108 patients). It was established that in the structure of psychosomatic clinical manifestations of the pathological trichological process in patients with diffuse alopecia, the entire variable spectrum of clinical dyssomnia symptoms is found — early, middle, late dyssomnias, nightmares and lack of rest after waking up — the prevalence and intensity of which are associated with the genesis of dermatological pathology (metabolic or mixed forms of alopecia). Among patients with a mixed form of diffuse alopecia, psychosomatic dyssomnic manifestations have a significantly greater representation and severity than among patients with metabolic alopecia, which is confirmed by the presence of statistically significant differences. Key words: psychodermatology, psychosomatics, mental health disorders, alopecia, mental maladjustment, adaptation disorders, dyssomnia, sleep disorders