Evaluation of Sleep Quality and Related Factors in Community-Dwelling Adults: Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA)

Abstract

Background: Sleep is a necessary physiological process that affects health. The current study aimed to evaluate sleep quality (SQ) and the related factors in Iranian community-dwelling adults. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Method: Population-based cross-sectional data from the first wave of the Ardakan cohort study on aging (ACSA) were analyzed. The analytical sample consisted of 5197 community-dwelling adults aged≥50. All data were collected by trained staff. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were used to measure SQ. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify predictors of SQ. Results: The mean age of the participants was 62.22±7.7 years, and 51.8% were female. About threequarters of them (76.36%) were found to have poor SQ (PSQI score≥5). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a relationship between SQ and gender, education, work, and financial level. Furthermore, SQ was found to be associated with self-reported health and physical activity. Regarding comorbidity, SQ had a significant relationship with cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, depression, and anxiety (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of poor SQ was high in these community-dwelling adults in Iran. These findings highlight the importance of intervention programs for sleep hygiene education and screening for middle-aged and older adults.