1. Department of Economics and Development Studies, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
2. Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
3. Department of Maritime Management, Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
4. Department of Economics, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Yusuf Maitama Sule University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria