Simultaneous Effect of Resistance Training and Folate Nano-liposome on Dopamine Receptors in the Brain Hippocampus of Alzheimer’s Rats

Abstract

Background: Alzheimer’s is progressive dementia with loss of nerve cells. Physical activity and the use of nano-pharmaceutical supplements may prevent the progression of Alzheimer’s. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training and Folate nano-liposome on the expression of D1 and D2 receptors in the hippocampal tissue of Alzheimer’s rats. Methods: Thirty-three male Wistar rats at the age of eight weeks were prepared from Pasteur Institute and randomly divided into 5 groups (healthy control, Alzheimer’s control, Alzheimer+resistance training, Alzheimer+Folate nano-liposomes, and Alzheimer+resistance training+Folate nano-liposomes). Alzheimer’s was induced, and Folate nano-liposomes were injected as a supplement. The animals were anesthetized, and the hippocampus was analyzed after the last training session. Eventually, a one-way ANOVA test was used to estimate the differences between groups (P≤0.05). Results: The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between the groups in terms of D1 mRNA and D2 mRNA (P≤0.000). Based on the results of the Bonferroni post hoc test, there was a significant difference between the control group and the Alzheimer’s, Alzheimer’s+resistance training, and Alzheimer’s+Folate nano-liposomes. Similarly, a significant difference was found between the Alzheimer’s group and Alzheimer’s+resistance training and Alzheimer’s+resistance training+Folate nano-liposomes (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Resistance training and Folate nano-liposomes changed the content of D1 and D2 in the brain after Alzheimer’s induction. These changes may be partly due to the synergistic effect of physical activity and nano-pharmaceuticals on preventing or reducing the detrimental effects of pathological conditions. Inflammatory factors appear to be associated with neurotrophic factors during activity and exercise in neurodegenerative diseases.