1. 42 USC §1395dd.
2. Long-range Plan and Environmental Assessment 1990-91: ACEP Statement of Direction: Value Statements;American College of Emergency Physicians,1990
3. Defining America's safety net;Fields,1999
4. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act: Survey of Hospital Emergency Departments;US Department of Health and Human Services,2001
5. Emergency departments—an essential access point to care;American Hospital Association;AHA TrendWatch,2001