The influence of anxiety and depressive disorders on the development of resistant arterial hypertension

Abstract

   The problem of comorbidity of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and anxiety-depressive disorders is actively discussed in modern scientific literature. Taking into account the widespread prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in the population, their negative impact on the quality of life and functioning of patients, prerequisites are accumulating for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions by non-psychiatric doctors. The review presents current data on risk factors, relationships and principles for diagnosing resistant arterial hypertension (RAH) and anxiety-depressive disorders. The prevalence of resistant arterial hypertension is about 10–20 %, with a significant proportion of cases accounting for secondary arterial hypertension and pseudoresistance. The incidence of anxiety and depressive disorders in patients with arterial hypertension is 42 % and 52 %, respectively. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in RAH is 36.8 %. Such comorbidity contributes to the progression of PAH, worsens the patient’s prognosis, and reduces adherence to therapy. Given the close relationship between psychoemotional factors and CVD, patients with RAH are advised to undergo screening for anxiety and depression.