Victimological Aspects of Human Capital in Old Age

Abstract

The presented article is devoted to the problem of the formation and use of human capital in old age. It is shown that modern studies of human capital focus on the psychological characteristics of this phenomenon, including the study of late ontogenesis. Particular attention is paid to the victimological characteristics of human capital in old age, which is implicitly present in a number of scientific studies, but is not specifically singled out as a special layer of research. As a research method, a case method was used with subsequent processing of case texts by the method of meaningful content analysis. Two types of cases were created: generalized, reflecting typical problems of the elderly, and individually defined, fixed on a pronounced fact, but having a general social significance in the future. The material of the cases was conversations with older people, materials from the media, examples from judicial practice, etc. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the application of the victimological approach, which consists in highlighting the victim problems of human capital in the elderly, as well as in suggesting ways to neutralize some of the victim factors affecting on older people. It is noted that human capital in old age has both advantages and disadvantages compared to other ages. It has been revealed that the traditionally distinguished advantages of old age in knowledge, experience and professionalism can become, if they are not in demand, factors of victimization of both the elderly themselves and their environment. It is concluded that one of the significant elements of human capital in old age is the psychological readiness for life in late ontogenesis based on special knowledge and skills, including financial planning for this period of life. The results of the work can be used in the development of social programs to help the elderly, including programs that teach the rational use of human capital.