1. Chinese Medicine Modernization and Big Data Research Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
2. Department of colorectal surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
3. Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangyin Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China.