1. VA Boston Health Care System, Boston University and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
2. Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
3. Section of Acute and Critical Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
4. Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
5. Downstate Medical Center and SUNY College of Health Related Professions, Brooklyn, New York.
6. Association of periOperative Registered Nurses, Inc., Denver, Colorado.
7. Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Leonard Davis Institute of Healthcare Economics, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
8. Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.