Thermo-physical properties, heat transfer characteristics and performance of nano-enhanced refrigerants: A review

Abstract

To boost the efficacy of a refrigeration system, researchers have imported nanoparticles into refrigerants in recent years. This paper comprehensively reviewed the properties, heat transfer performance, and system performance of nano-added refriger-ants in recent years. This article likewise assists with recognizing the gap in past research works and explores the possibilities for additional work. Refrigerant R134a charged with the nanoparticles TiO2 has the highest value of coefficient of perfor-mance which is 63.5% higher than that of Al2O3 nanoparticle charged R134a. Charging of the nano-refrigerants has enhanced the heat transfer performance of vapour compression refrigeration systems, particularly in the pool and nucleate boiling heat transfer. The heat transfer coefficient of R134a-based nano-refrigerant is enhanced by 42% and 30.2% with CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles respectively. The inclusions of nanomaterials, concerning their physical phenomena, influencing the vapour compression refrigeration system are confined in this paper