Gallbladder cancer: epidemiology, risk factors

Abstract

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare but highly malignant neoplasm. Most cases are discovered incidentally in patients undergoing evaluation for gallstone disease. It is believed that an unfavorable prognosis associated with RZD is associated with a late stage at diagnosis, which is due to both the anatomical position of the gallbladder and the vagueness and non-specificity of symptoms, which increases the relevance of studying and highlighting this topic. Although the available evidence supports a decline in the overall incidence of RZD over the past 30 years, the incidence may be increasing in younger people. Globally, the burden of gallbladder and other biliary tract cancers has increased over the past 30 years. Several risk factors have been identified for RGB, many of which share the characteristics of chronic gallbladder inflammation. The article discusses the main risk factors and diseases that precede the development of cancer. The purpose of the review is to present an analysis of current literature data on the epidemiology of this disease and risk factors.