Uveal Melanoma: Refusal of Treatment

Abstract

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> This study aimed to explore factors for refusing treatment in patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma and their subsequent clinical course. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study included patients with uveal melanoma who refused standard of care treatment. Patient-reported reasons and pre-existing mental health diagnoses were assessed. The sociodemographic profile was compared with the controls. Ocular survival, metastasis-free survival (MFS), and overall survival (OS) were calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Nine patients with uveal melanoma declined ocular treatment (plaque brachytherapy, <i>n</i> = 7 [78%]; enucleation, <i>n</i> = 2 [22%]). The choroidal melanomas were small (<i>n</i> = 1 [11%]), medium (<i>n</i> = 5 [56%]), and large (<i>n</i> = 3 [33%]) in size (COMS criteria). The sociodemographic profile of the study patients was not different from those that accepted treatment. One patient (11%) had pre-existing mental health diagnosis. Five patients (56%) eventually accepted treatment following an average delay of 19 months (range: 4–55 months) due to neovascular glaucoma or severe vision loss. MFS could not be ascertained, and OS was 67% (6/9) at 4.2 years of follow-up (mean). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Refusal of initial recommended treatment is associated with poor ocular survival. The small sample size did not allow for an evaluation of the impact on survival.