Abstract
Vitamin and homocysteine (Hcy) alternations have been associated with psychiatric disorders. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the association of serum vitamin and Hcy levels with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Following PRISMA protocol, we used the databases including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science with no time restriction. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and/or fixed-effects model to estimate the standard mean difference (SMD) for evaluation of the strength of association analyses. Our data showed a significant reduction in vitamin B<sub>12</sub> (SMD = −0.58, 95% CI = −1.08 to −0.08, <i>p</i> = 0.02, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 65%; <i>p</i><sub>heterogeneity</sub> = 0.06), vitamin E (SMD = −0.89, 95% CI = −1.23 to −0.56, <i>p</i> < 0.00001, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 23%; <i>p</i><sub>heterogeneity</sub> = 0.26), and vitamin C (SMD = −1.40, 95% CI = −2.44 to −0.36, <i>p</i> = 0.008, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 92%; <i>p</i><sub>heterogeneity</sub> < 0.0001) in OCD patients. In addition, the findings showed significantly higher levels of Hcy (SMD = 1.11, 95% CI = [0.48, 1.75], <i>p</i> = 0.0006, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 73%; <i>p</i><sub>h</sub> = 0.02) in patients compared to controls. Also, our data showed that vitamin B<sub>9</sub> and D levels are not associated with OCD (vitamin B<sub>9</sub>: SMD = −0.23, 95% CI = −1.01 to 0.55, <i>p</i> = 0.56, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 88%; <i>p</i><sub>heterogeneity</sub> < 0.0001; vitamin D: SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.41 to 0.15, <i>p</i> = 0.11, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 88%; <i>p</i><sub>heterogeneity</sub> = 0.0002). Our findings support significant impacts of Hcy and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, E, and C levels in OCD pathogenesis. This will be important for prevention and treatment of OCD. However, further studies are recommended to elucidate more accurate conclusions.
Subject
Biological Psychiatry,Psychiatry and Mental health,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
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