Neurovegetative and Emotional Modulation Induced by Mozart’s Music

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Since decades, the “Mozart effect” has been studied. However, the diverse effects of Mozart’s music components have not been yet defined. Authors aimed to identify a differential response to short-term exposure to Mozart’s music, or to its rhythmic signature only, on subjective and objective measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Mozart Sonata in A major K 331 (<i>Mozart</i>), the same piece consisting only of beat (<i>Destructured</i>), and duration-matched silence were administered to 25 healthy young adults, stood supine in a relaxing setting. The Italian Mood Scale questionnaire was administered before and after each listening. Heart rate variability (HRV) metrics were calculated from ECG recording, and breath flow was registered during experiments. <b><i>Results:</i></b> After <i>Destructured,</i> there was no change of fatigue and tension. After <i>Mozart</i>, fatigue was significantly reduced (and a tendency appeared for tension), whereas vigor was not. Breathing rate tended to be higher during <i>Mozart</i>. The nonlinear parameter HFD of HRV analysis, even though not significantly, was slightly lower during <i>Destructured</i>; Poincaré plots SD1 and SD2 tended to be lower during <i>Mozart</i>. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Mozart’s music may allow to maintain arousal during relaxing condition. Psychological response of music and physiological dynamics were not necessarily entangled. Musical pieces based on individual physiological signature may lead musical psychological interventions.