Single versus Double PreserFlo MicroShunt Implantation in Glaucoma Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate double PreserFlo MicroShunt implantation as a modified micro-invasive glaucoma surgery technique and to retrospectively compare the outcomes in a cohort of glaucoma patients with single or double implantation. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A retrospective data analysis of 57 glaucoma patients who consecutively underwent PreserFlo implantation was performed. Medical records were examined for patients’ demographics, glaucoma type, intraocular pressure (IOP), medication, complications, and re-interventions. Two groups with single (<i>n</i> = 29) or double (<i>n</i> = 28) implantation were formed, and the outcomes were compared. In cases of two-stage double implantation (<i>n</i> = 17), the courses of the initial and the second implantations were compared. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean preoperative IOP was significantly higher in the double compared to the single implantation group (29.4 ± 10.0 mm Hg; 21.7 ± 8.2 mm Hg; <i>p</i> = 0.003). Postoperatively, IOP was significantly lower in the double implantation group at various time-points (day 1, week 1, months 3 and 6; all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.021). In the subgroup with two-stage procedures, mean preoperative IOP was 24.5 ± 8.5 mm Hg and 29.8 ± 10.1 mm Hg, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.128). While immediately postoperatively, mean IOP lowering was clinically significant and similar following both procedures, the longer sustainable effect was observed after the second procedure (month 12: 25.5 ± 7.5 mm Hg; 12.4 ± 4.8 mm Hg; <i>p</i> = 0.001). No serious complications were observed. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Double PreserFlo implantation appears safe and efficient for lowering IOP in glaucoma patients. Our preliminary findings suggest that double is superior to single implantation in terms of IOP lowering and the need for additional topical medication. Patients with insufficient IOP lowering following single implantation may benefit from a second implantation. Further research is warranted to evaluate double implantation as a first-line, one-stage procedure.