1. Blake Morrison, As If (London: Granta, 1997), p. 21.
2. Howard Davis and Marc Bourhill, ‘“Crisis”: The Demonization of Children and Young People’, in ‘Childhood’ in ‘Crisis’?, ed. Phil Scraton (London: Routledge, 2004), pp. 28–58 (p. 28).
3. For the Bulger case as a focus of late twentieth-century studies of childhood see, for example, in addition to Davis and Bourhill, Allison James and Chris Jenks, ‘Public Perceptions of Childhood Criminality’, The British Journal of Sociology, 47.2 (1996), 315–31
4. Chris Jenks, ‘Childhood and Transgression’, in Studies in Modern Childhood: Society, Agency, Culture, ed. Jens Qvortrup (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), pp. 115–27.
5. Phil Scraton, ‘Whose “Childhood”? What “Crisis”?’, in ‘Childhood’ in ‘Crisis’?, ed. Phil Scraton (London: Routledge, 2004), pp. 163–86 (p. 164).