1. Italo Calvino, Invisible Cities, trans. William Weaver (London: Vintage, 1997), 86–7.
2. See Michael Cronin, ‘Global Questions and Local Visions: A Microcosmo-politan Perspective’, in Beyond the Difference: Welsh Literature in Comparative Contexts: Essays for M. Wynn Thomas at Sixty, ed. Alyce von Rothkirch and Daniel Williams (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2004), 186–202.
3. Ian Ousby, The Englishman’s England: Taste, Travel and the Rise of Tourism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 7–8.
4. Esther Moir, The Discovery of Britain: The English Tourists 1540–1840 (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1964), xiv; my emphasis.
5. Dean MacCannell, The Tourist: A New Theory of the Leisure Class (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999), 43–8.