1. Most recently Geltner, The Medieval Prison. For ideas and practices of penance in monastic culture, see Abigail Firey ed., A New History of Penance (Lelden: Brill, 2008);
2. Sarah Hamilton, The Practice of Penance, 900–1050 (London: The Royal Historical Society, 2001); the classic Cyril Vogel, Le Pécheur et le pénitence au Moyen Âge (Paris: Cerf, 1969).
3. Ellen Caldwell, ‘An Architecture of the Self: New Metaphors for Monastic Enclosure’, Essays in Medieval Studies 8 (1991), 15–24.
4. For argument in favour of these respective points, see John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers: The Abandonment of Children in Western Europe from Late Antiquity to the Renaissance (New York: Pantheon Books, 1988), pp. 296–321
5. and Giles Constable, ‘Aelred of Rievaulx and the Nun of Watton: An Episode in the Early History of the Gilbertine Order’ in Derek Baker, ed., Medieval Women (Oxford: Blackwell, 1978), 205–26;