1. Charles Darwin, The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals (London: John Murray, 1872).
2. Mary Poovey, Making a Social Body (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1997), Chapter 2.
3. Jeff D. Bass, ‘An efficient Humanitarianism: The British Slave Trade Debates, 1791–1792’, Quarterly Journal of Speech (1989), 75, pp. 152–65.
4. Philippe Solers, ‘Réflections solersiennes sur la souffrance’, in Samy Abtrann (ed.), L’Éthique de la souffrance (Paris: Ellipses, 2000), pp. 60–5.
5. J.M. Charcot, Les Démoniaques dans l’Art (Paris: Delahaye, 1887); Josephine Butler, Catherine of Sienna: A Biography (London: Dyer, 1885).