1. Quoted by J. Lacouture, De Gaulle: The Ruler, 1945–1970, London, Harvill, 1991, pp. 8–9.
2. J. Nye, Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature or American Power (New York: Basic Books, 1991).
3. For Winant’s time in London, 1941–1945, see D. Mayers, ‘John Gilbert Winant, 1941–1945’, in A. Holmes and J. S. Rofe, The US Embassy in London, 1938–2008: 70 Years in Grosvenor Square (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012).
4. American Consul, Saint Pierre — Miquelon to State Department, 10 January 1942, PSF — Dispatches — France, Box 31: FDR Presidential Library; D. Woolner, ‘Canada, Mackenzie King and the St Pierre and Miquelon Crisis of 1941’, London Journal of Canadian Studies, vol. 24, 2010; J. F. Hilliker, ‘The Canadian Government and the Free French: Perceptions and Constraints, 1940–44’, International History Review, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1980, pp. 87–108.
5. A. Scherr ‘Presidential Power, the Panay Incident, and the Defeat of the Ludlow Amendment’, International History Review, Vol. 32, No. 3, September 2010, pp. 455–500.