1. Jesse Brundage Sears, Philanthropy in the History of American Higher Education (Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1922).
2. Robert Bremner, American Philanthropy (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960 and 1988).
3. Merle Curti and Roderick Nash, Philanthropy in the Shaping of American Higher Education (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1965).
4. Joel L. Fleishman, J. Scott Kohler, and Steven Schindler, Casebook for the Foundation: A Great American Secret—How Private Wealth is Changing the World (New York: Public Affairs, 2007).
5. Waldemar A. Nielsen, The Big Foundations (New York and London: Columbia University Press, 1972).