1. Roualeyn Gordon-Cumming, Five Years of a Hunter’s Life in the Far Interior of South Africa. With Anecdotes of the Chase and Notices of the Native Tribes, New edition (London: J. Murray, 1855), 2: 381; Unsigned review of A Hunter’s Life in South Africa by Roualeyn Gordon-Cumming, Morning Chronicle, 23 August 1850, 19th-Century British Library Newspapers Database (hereafter NCBL Newspapers Database); ‘Domestic Intelligence’, Aberdeen Journal, 8 May 1850, NCBL Newspapers Database.
2. Wilmott ‘Thormanby’ Wilmott Dixon, Kings of the Rod, Rifle and Gun (London: Hutchinson, 1901), 1: 262.
3. John M. MacKenzie, The Empire of Nature: Hunting, Conservation, and British Imperialism (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1988), 29; Wilmott-Dixon, Kings of the Rod, Rifle and Gun, 1: 292–3.
4. Gail Bederman, Manliness & Civilization: A Cultural History of Gender and Race in the United States, 1880–1917 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995); MacKenzie, The Empire of Nature; J. A. Mangan and Callum McKenzie, Militarism, Hunting, Imperialism: ‘Blooding’ the Martial Male (London: Routledge, 2009); Angela Woollacott, Gender and Empire (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), 71–3.
5. Willem H. Boshoff and Johan Fourie, ‘The Significance of the Cape Trade Route to Economic Activity in the Cape Colony: A Medium-Term Business Cycle Analysis’, European Review of Economic History 14, no. 3 (December 2010): 2, 4, doi:10.1017/S1361491610000134; Allen F. Isaacman and Barbara Isaacman, Slavery and Beyond: The Making of Men and Chikunda Ethnic Identities in the Unstable World of South-Central Africa, 1750–1920 (Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2004), 13, 56–9, 77–8 n118; M. D. D. Newitt, ‘The Portuguese on the Zambezi: An Historical Interpretation of the Prazo System’, Journal of African History 10, no. 01 (1969): 67–8, doi:10.1017/S0021853700009282; Clive A Spinage, ‘A Review of Ivory Exploitation and Elephant Population Trends in Africa’, East African Wildlife Journal 11, no. 3/4 (1973): 281–9; Cf MacKenzie, Empire of Nature, 86.