Human-Dog-Relationship and its positive effects on dogs and their humans with special needs

Abstract

Dogs might enjoy interaction with humans, making the human-dog relationship (HDR) important and necessary for domestic dogs. This relationship has expanded into an interaction where dogs are not solely considered companion animals but “service animals” for humans with special needs such as blindness, deafness, locomotion problems, or various conditions such as cardiovascular pathologies, epilepsy, diabetes, depression, and autism. This review aims to emphasize the effects of positive HDR on animal welfare and people with health or psychological problems, as well as individuals with special needs. It has been concluded that HDR is an interaction between humans and companion animals that might bring benefits for both. Companion animals are immersed in pleasant situations, and positive emotions might arise when keeping them physically and mentally active. Moreover, the welfare of dogs can also be improved due to the close bond with humans, who endeavor positive HDR and stress-free situations.