PLASMA-CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF STABILIZATION OF COMPOSITION WATER-COAL FUEL ON THE BASIS OF ORGAN-CONTAINING WASTE WATER

Abstract

Industrial and domestic waste water containing waste lubricants, cooling suspensions, waste from the food, alcohol and pulp and paper industries contain fuel residues, solvents, fats, dyes and other organic compounds. Large volumes and multi-component composition of such waste complicate and cost more water purification. Disinfection of such waters using adsorption, membrane or catalytic technologies requires the cost of scarce materials and expensive equipment, as well as leading to the formation of secondary man-made wastes in the form of waste adsorbents, catalysts, membranes, etc. A promising option is the use of organ-containing sewage in formulations of composite water-coal fuel. At the same time, organic substances of sewage during the combustion of technological equipment allocate additional heat, which allows improving the energy characteristics of the fuel. The possibility of using plasmochemical technology for the stabilization of composite aqueous-coal fuel on the basis of organ-containing wastewater has been investigated. Organic dispersion media used waste after purification of fusel oil and wastewater after the washing of parts for technical purposes. Electrokinetic and rheological properties of composite aqueous-coal fuel have been studied. It has been established that the previous plasmochemical conversion of organo-containing wastewater, which is used as a dispersion medium for composite water-coal fuel, makes it possible to improve its operational properties. The growth of sedimentation stability and the optimization of effective viscosity are achieved both by increasing the electrostatic repulsion of the suspension particles with an increased ξ-potential and by achieving the bimodal composition of the disperse phase. There is also a significant increase in the absolute values of ξ - the potential reached in the alkaline medium (pH = 10) 55-64 mV for anthracite coal. Accordingly, electrostatic repulsion of coal particles increases and improves in the viscosity in the modified samples is (1.1-1.25 Pa·s) and sedimentation stability (28-36 hours). The sedimentation stability of the fuel obtained is significantly improved in comparison with conventional suspensions of coal in organ-containing wastewater and reaches 28 to 36 hours without the addition of stabilizers. In addition, highly dispersed additives increase the reactivity of the composite aqueous-coal fuel contributes to increasing the caloricity and completeness of the burning of slurry fuel.