Cross Cultural Adaptation & Psychometric Validation of Instruments: Step-wise Description

Abstract

Psychometrics has immense role in measuring health outcomes across the globe. To use the scales in different culture, there is need to adapt the instrument appropriately. It was aimed to describe the psychometric validation of instruments step by step as well as comprehensively. Cultural adaptation needs to follow standard adaptation procedure and assessment of reliability and validity after ensuring the standard sample size. Reliability is assessed mostly in the forms of internal consistency; test-retest reliability; and inter rater reliability. Validity is assessed in forms of face validity; content validity; criterion validity; construct validity; concurrent validity; convergent validity and divergent validity. Study design; sample size estimation and sampling technique vary depending on the situation and demands thorough scientific discussions. This step wise comprehensive description will make a comfortable path for the beginners.