Composite characterization of freeze-dried human amnion membrane and human adipose tissue derived stromal cells for soft tissue engineering

Abstract

Background: Soft tissue engineering has widely explored freeze-dried human amniotic membrane (FdHAM) and human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSC) as separate components. In this study, the composite of FdHAM and hADSC combination was investigated regarding cell morphology and density, constituent components, and cytotoxicity evaluation. Methods: In vitro experimental laboratory research was conducted to analysis of the FdHAM and hADSC composites. Evaluation of cell viability and CD105 for hADSC, evaluation of pore diameter for amniotic membrane and assessment of composite cell morphology, constituent components, evaluation of cytotoxicity, and cell density was conducted. Results: Our morphology data indicated that clusters of hADSC with homogenous distribution on FdHAM. The viability test showed that the hADSCs were still dominantly alive with an average percentage of 69.3% with the mean cell concentration being 1.53 x 106/mL. The average FdHAM pore diameter was 1.90±0.30 µM. Our data suggested that FdHAM was nontoxic with good cell survivability after exposure to FdHAM. Conclusions: The structure of FdHAM and hADSC has excellent basic properties and therefore suitable for use as carriers of hADSC or in soft tissue engineering. Compared to the available literature, the characteristic of the FdHAM and hADSC composite is ideal and may be used as an end-product for use in humans.