Hepatitis B vaccine knowledge, perception, and motivation among children and adults in the rural region at Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B is a global health problem with high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Knowledge, perception, and motivation for hepatitis B vaccination play significant roles in infection numbers. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic factors, knowledge, perception, and motivation for hepatitis B vaccination in the rural region of Semarang, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was held in September-October 2019 in the rural region of Semarang, Indonesia. In total, 508 subjects aged 10-40 years participated. The data collected from the questionnaire contains demographic data, knowledge, perception, and motivation for the hepatitis B vaccine. Data analysis using bivariate Chi-Square test. Results: A total of 508 people met the criteria, 437 respondents (86%) can describe the hepatitis B disease, and 502 respondents (98.8%) agreed with the hepatitis B vaccine. Age significantly affects knowledge and perception of the hepatitis B vaccine (p=0.004; p=0.030). Sex and education significantly relate to knowledge of hepatitis B disease (p=0.022; p=0.025). The most motivation is getting free of charge hepatitis B vaccination (n=223, 43.9%) and participation in scientific development (n=184, 36.2%). One hundred eighty-two people (35.8%), males and 326 females (64.2%) were motivated to get hepatitis vaccination. Age and sex significantly related to the respondent's motivation for the hepatitis B vaccine (p= <0.001; p=0.028). Conclusion: Knowledge and motivation for hepatitis B vaccination are influenced by age and sex. Older age and females significantly correlate with the reason to have hepatitis B vaccination.