Comparison of clinical characteristics in acute pancreatitis with and without diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Current research shows a cause-and-effect relationship between acute pancreatitis (AP) and diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study the difference in clinical features between AP with DM and AP without DM was analyzed to explore implications for the treatment of these two conditions. Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018 all patients with AP admitted to the Changsha Central Hospital were included in a retrospective study. Clinical and laboratory variables obtained from AP patients were analyzed and compared with a DM group and a non-DM group. Results: A total of 869 patients with AP including 139 patients in DM the group and 730 patients in the non-DM group were analyzed. Hypertension (P = 0.002), coronary heart disease (CHD, P = 0.003) and hypertriglyceridemia (P = 0.045) were more common in the DM than the non-DM group, while BISAP (P < 0.001) and Ranson (P < 0.001), the incidence of AP recurrence (P = 0.034) and length of hospital stay (P = 0.045) were significantly higher for the DM group as were levels of blood sugar (P < 0.001), glycated hemoglobin (P < 0.001), ALT (P = 0.003), AST (P = 0.032), BUN (P = 0.017), creatinine (P = 0.003), cholesterol (P < 0.001), LDL (P < 0.001) and TG (P < 0.001). Conclusion: AP patients with DM were prone to comorbidities with higher levels of organ function indicators and higher incidence of dyslipidemia and recurrence of AP.