Modern neuroimaging techniques in the assessment of changes in the brain connectome in patients with postmastectomy syndrome

Abstract

Relevance. Currently, neuropsychiatric disorders are considered one of the main ones in the pathogenesis of postmastectomy syndrome. Modern neuroimaging techniques — functional (fMRI) and diffusion tensor (DTI) magnetic resonance imaging — allow us to identify functional and structural changes in the brain connectome in patients with postmastectomy syndrome caused by a complex of neuropsychiatric disorders.The purpose of the study. To evaluate changes in the functional and structural connectome of the brain in patients with postmastectomy syndrome using fMRI and DTI techniques.Materials and methods. The study was carried out on a tomograph with a magnetic field induction of 3.0 T. 46 patients with neurological disorders in the long-term postoperative period (more than 6 months) after radical mastectomy, chemotherapeutic and/or radiation treatment of breast cancer were examined.Results. According to the results of the intergroup statistical analysis, all 46 patients with postmastectomy syndrome had differences in functional connectivity in the default mode network and quantitative fractional anisotropy in the white matter tracts of the brain compared with the control group (p < 0.01).Conclusion. The use of fMRI and DTI in patients with postmastectomy syndrome makes it possible to identify changes in the brain connectome correlating with neurological disorders and a decrease in the quality of life of patients. The results obtained will allow improving treatment and rehabilitation approaches in patients receiving treatment for breast cancer.