Design, Cytotoxicity, and Tumor Targeted Drug Delivery of 5Fluorouracil Encapsulated in pH-Sensitive Co-polymers GG-g-P (HEMA) Conjugate Riboflavin Thin-Film

Abstract

The study finds the design, cytotoxicity, and tumor-targeted drug delivery of 5Fluorouracil encapsulated in pH-sensitive guar gum grafted polymer. Cancer targeting 5FU loaded GG grafted p(HEMA) conjugated riboflavin thin-film (GG-g-P(HEMA)-RF) was successfully fabricated from guar gum, 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, and riboflavin targeting agents using N, N-methylene bis acrylamide as a crosslinking agent in the presence of tetramethylethylenediamminne (TEMED) initiator Ammonium persulfate act as a catalyst. FT-IR and XRD spectroscopy techniques were used to analyze the structural features of the GG-g-P(HEMA)-RF. The results of SEM revealed that the carrier is of uniform rod shape, with a low porosity index and outstanding performance in phrases of 5FU encapsulation and extended-release ability. Targeted drug delivery strategies have received special attention from the scientific world due to advantages such as more effective therapy and reduction of side effects. Cytotoxicity effects of 5FU loaded GG-g-P(HEMA)-RF against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells in vitro were investigated at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 μg/mL) using trypan blue exclusion assay. The MTT cytotoxic assay investigated cell viability against EAC experimental models and implied the excellent biocompatibility of the carrier. The results revealed the anti-proliferative effect along with molecular signaling of apoptosis and generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell lines. The morphological changes of apoptosis were evident in EAC cells and were observed using optical microscopy after staining. DPPH free radical scavenging assay was carried out to determine the radical scavenging activity of the 5FU loaded and unloaded GG-g-P(HEMA)-RF. The 5FU loaded GG-g-P(HEMA)-RF with DNA interaction was examined by electronic and spectroscopic fluorescence methods.