Monitoring of the Migratory Ability of Heavy Metals in the Soil-Plant System

Abstract

The profile migration of pollutants that occurs most intensively in spring, autumn, and summer with a large amount of precipitation when intensive descending flows of soil moisture take place is of particular importance. The migration of heavy metals is limited by their deposition on geochemical barriers. The study of the profile migration and accumulation of heavy metals showed that metals have an unequal behavior in soils; a change in their content in the profile is noted. The article presents the dynamics of the distribution of moving forms of heavy metals in different soils of the Orenburg region. An equation of exponential regression was proposed. The equation allows assessing the migrative ability of heavy metal by the value of indicator α. There were studied physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, namely its composition, the content of heavy metals, which in total affects the overall state of the soil and plant system. The structure of the system was analyzed and determined by probabilities of the presence of a pollutant in the components of the system. As a result, a complex indicator showing the movement of heavy metals in the soil-plant system was calculated.