Anti-cancer agents and drug-induced hypertension

Abstract

   Arterial hypertension is one of the most common comorbidities in patients with cancer. Moreover, the treatment with anticancer agents can lead to the development of drug-induced arterial hypertension.   The aim of this work is to systematize and analyze data about anticancer agents, the use of which can cause the development of drug-induced hypertension, about epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, clinical signs, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hypertension associated with the use of anticancer drugs.   It was found that anti-cancer drugs often contribute to the development of drug-induced hypertension. The mechanisms that determine the development of hypertension are diverse and may include the development of endothelial dysfunction, an increased arterial stiffness, capillary rarefaction, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and genetic factors. It is important to remember about drugs that can cause drug-induced hypertension to reduce the risk of developing adverse reactions, and prevent cardiovascular disease. Treatment of drug-induced hypertension, caused by anticancer drugs, often requires immediate discontinuation of drugs, due to adverse reactions that are often life-threatening. In some situations, it is possible to reduce the dose of the drugs and / or prescribe antihypertensive drugs. Arterial hypertension is an important risk factor in the development of cardiovascular events, including stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure.