Analysis of a Warm-Season Surface-Influenced Mesoscale Convective Boundary in Northwest Mississippi

Abstract

Abstract The lower Mississippi River alluvial valley in southeastern Arkansas, northeastern Louisiana, and northwestern Mississippi is characterized by widespread agriculture with few urban areas. Land use is predominantly cultivated cropland with minimal topographic variation; the eastern edge of the alluvial valley is defined by a rapid, although small, change in elevation into a heavily forested landscape, however. This change in land use/land cover has been shown to potentially enhance precipitation through generation of a weak mesoscale convective boundary. This project defines the influence of the land surface on associated precipitation processes by simulating a convective rainfall event that was influenced by regional surface features. Analysis was conducted using a high-resolution simulated dataset generated by the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF). Results show that the strongest uplift coincides with an abrupt low-level thermal boundary, developed primarily by a rapid change from sensible to latent heat flux relative to the agricultural and forested areas, respectively. In addition, surface heating over the cultivated landscape appears to destabilize the boundary layer, with precipitation occurring as air is advected across the land cover boundary and the associated thermal gradient. This information can be used to define and predict surface-influenced convective precipitation along agricultural boundaries in other regions where the synoptic environment is weak.