Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease Is Associated With Worse Outcomes in Stroke

Abstract

Background and Purpose— Rheumatic valvular heart disease is associated with the increased risk of cerebrovascular events, although there are limited data on the prognosis of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease (RMVD) after stroke. Methods— We examined the association between RMVD and both serious and common cardiovascular and noncardiovascular (respiratory and infective) complications in a cohort of hospitalized stroke patients based in Thailand. Factors associated with in-hospital mortality were also explored. Data were obtained from a National Insurance Database. All hospitalized strokes between October 1, 2004, and January 31, 2013, were included in the current study. Characteristics and outcomes were compared for RMVD and non-RMVD patients. Logistic regression, propensity score matching, and multivariate models were used to assess study outcomes. Results— In total, 594 681 patients (mean [SD] age=64 [14.5] years) with a diagnosis of stroke (ischemic=306 154; hemorrhagic=195 392; undetermined=93 135) were included in this study, of whom 5461 had RMVD. Results from primary analyses showed that after ischemic stroke, and controlling for potential confounding covariates, RMVD was associated ( P <0.001) with increased odds for cardiac arrest (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]=2.13 [1.68–2.70]), shock (2.13 [1.64–2.77]), arrhythmias (1.70 [1.21–2.39]), respiratory failure (2.09 [1.87–2.33]), pneumonia (2.00 [1.81–2.20]), and sepsis (1.39 [1.19–1.63]). In hemorrhagic stroke patients, RMVD was associated with increased odds (fully adjusted model) for respiratory failure (1.26 [1.01–1.57]), and in patients with undetermined stroke, RMVD was associated with increased odds (fully adjusted analyses) for shock (3.00 [1.46–6.14]), respiratory failure (2.70 [1.91–3.79]), and pneumonia (2.42 [1.88–3.11]). Conclusions— RMVD is associated with the development of cardiac arrest, shock, arrhythmias, respiratory failure, pneumonia, and sepsis after acute stroke.