Uncommon Causes of Nontraumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Author:

Tartarin Hugo1,Morotti Andrea2ORCID,Van Etten Ellis S.3ORCID,Hausman-Kedem Moran4ORCID,Charidimou Andreas5ORCID,Jouvent Eric6ORCID,Susen Sophie7ORCID,Cordonnier Charlotte8ORCID,Pasi Marco9ORCID,Boulouis Grégoire11011

Affiliation:

1. Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tours, France (H.T., G.B.).

2. Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy (A.M.).

3. Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands (E.S.V.E.).

4. Pediatric Neurology Institute, Dana-Dewk Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv Unisversity, Israel (M.H.-K.).

5. Department of Neurology, Boston University, MA (A.C.).

6. Neurology Department, Lariboisière Hosp, APHP and Université Paris Cité, France (E.J.).

7. Hematology and Transfusion Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, France (S.S.).

8. Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, France (C.C.).

9. Stroke unit, CHU Tours, Centre Val de Loire, France (M.P.).

10. INSERM 1253 iBrain, Tours, Centre Val de Loire, France (G.B.).

11. CIC-IT 14.15, Tours, Centre Val de Loire, France (G.B.).

Abstract

Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage is an important health issue. Although common causes such as hypertension and cerebral amyloid angiopathy predominantly affect the elderly, there exists a spectrum of uncommon etiologies that contribute to the overall incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage. The identification of these rare causes is essential for targeted clinical management, informed prognostication, and strategic secondary prevention where relevant. This topical review explores the uncommon intracerebral hemorrhage causes and provides practical clues for their clinical and imaging identification. By expanding the clinician’s differential diagnosis, this review aims to bridge the gap between standard intracerebral hemorrhage classification systems and the nuanced reality of clinical practice.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

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