Tako‐Tsubo Cardiomyopathy in Severe Sepsis: Nationwide Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes

Abstract

Background There are limited data on the presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy ( TTC ) in severe sepsis. Methods and Results This was a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample database (2007–2013) of all adults with severe sepsis. TTC was identified in patients with severe sepsis using previously validated administrative codes. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes included resource utilization and discharge disposition. Regression analysis was performed for the entire cohort and a propensity‐matched sample. An exploratory analysis was performed for predictors of TTC incidence and mortality in TTC . During this 7‐year period, in 7.1‐million hospitalizations for severe sepsis, TTC was diagnosed in 10 746 (0.15%) admissions. TTC was noted more commonly in whites, females, and among 65‐ to 79‐year‐old individuals. TTC was independently associated with lower in‐hospital mortality in severe sepsis (odds ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.51–0.65). This association was more prominent in females (odds ratio, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.44–0.59]) compared with males (odds ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.85]). Presentation in later years of the study period, middle‐age, female sex, and white race were independent predictors for the diagnosis of TTC . Age ≥80 years, black race, greater comorbidity, and multiorgan dysfunction were independently associated with higher in‐hospital mortality among TTC admissions. Conclusions TTC is observed with increasing frequency in severe sepsis and was associated with a significantly lower in‐hospital mortality compared with patients without TTC . Presentation in later years of the study period, middle age, female sex, and white race were independent predictors for the diagnosis of TTC in severe sepsis.