Relationship of Neighborhood Deprivation and Outcomes of a Comprehensive ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Protocol

Author:

Huded Chetan P.1,Dalton Jarrod E.2,Kumar Anirudh34ORCID,Krieger Nikolas I.2ORCID,Kassis Nicholas34,Phelan Michael5,Kravitz Kathleen3,Reed Grant W.3ORCID,Krishnaswamy Amar3,Kapadia Samir R.3ORCID,Khot Umesh34ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cardiology Saint Luke's Mid‐America Heart Institute Kansas City MO

2. Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland Clinic Cleveland OH

3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Heart, Vascular, & Thoracic InstituteCleveland Clinic Cleveland OH

4. Center for Healthcare Delivery Innovation Heart, Vascular, & Thoracic InstituteCleveland Clinic Cleveland OH

5. Department of Emergency Medicine Emergency Services InstituteCleveland Clinic Cleveland OH

Abstract

Background We evaluated whether a comprehensive ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction protocol (CSP) focusing on guideline‐directed medical therapy, transradial percutaneous coronary intervention, and rapid door‐to‐balloon time improves process and outcome metrics in patients with moderate or high socioeconomic deprivation. Methods and Results A total of 1761 patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention at a single hospital before (January 1, 2011–July 14, 2014) and after (July 15, 2014– July 15, 2019) CSP implementation were included in an observational cohort study. Neighborhood deprivation was assessed by the Area Deprivation Index and was categorized as low (≤50th percentile; 29.0%), moderate (51st –90th percentile; 40.8%), and high (>90th percentile; 30.2%). The primary process outcome was door‐to‐balloon time. Achievement of guideline‐recommend door‐to‐balloon time goals improved in all deprivation groups after CSP implementation (low, 67.8% before CSP versus 88.5% after CSP; moderate, 50.7% before CSP versus 77.6% after CSP; high, 65.5% before CSP versus 85.6% after CSP; all P <0.001). Median door‐to‐balloon time among emergency department/in‐hospital patients was significantly noninferior in higher versus lower deprivation groups after CSP (noninferiority limit=5 minutes; P noninferiority high versus moderate = 0.002, high versus low <0.001, moderate versus low = 0.02). In‐hospital mortality, the primary clinical outcome, was significantly lower after CSP in patients with moderate/high deprivation in unadjusted (before CSP 7.0% versus after CSP 3.1%; odds ratio [OR], 0.42 [95% CI, 0.25–0.72]; P =0.002) and risk‐adjusted (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.23–0.77]; P =0.005) models. Conclusions A CSP was associated with improved ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction care across all deprivation groups and reduced mortality in those from moderate or high deprivation neighborhoods. Standardized initiatives to reduce care variability may mitigate social determinants of health in time‐sensitive conditions such as ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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