Affiliation:
1. From the Department of Nutrition (S.S.-B., H.C.), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass, and the Salud Coronaria project, Institute of Health Research (X.S., H.C.), University of Costa Rica, San Pedro.
Abstract
Abstract
—Paraoxonase, a high density lipoprotein–associated human serum enzyme, plays a role in atherosclerosis by protecting against lipid peroxidation. Its activity is modulated by 2 common amino acid polymorphisms at positions 192 (Gln→Arg) and 55 (Met→Leu) in the paraoxonase gene (
PON1
)
.
We studied the association of
PON1
polymorphisms and myocardial infarction (MI) in a population-based study consisting of 492 cases and 518 controls matched for age, sex, and area of residence, all living in Costa Rica. The allele frequency of
PON1
192Arg
was higher in cases (0.27) than in controls (0.24,
P
=0.008), whereas that of
PON1
55Leu
was identical (0.26). Compared with
PON1
192Gln-Gln
, the
PON1
192Arg
allele was associated with an increased risk of MI (odds ratio [OR] 1.36, CI 1.06 to 1.75), and this association was independent of the
PON1
55
polymorphism, which was not associated with MI (OR 1.10, CI 0.82 to 1.48). Adjustment for lipid and nonlipid risk factors strengthened the association between
PON1
192Arg
and the risk of MI (OR 1.51, CI 1.13 to 2.03). Interestingly, this association was evident only among nonsmokers (OR 1.90, CI 1.29 to 2.79): there was no evidence of an association in smokers (OR 0.95, CI 0.57 to 1.79). The interaction between
PON1
192
and smoking status was statistically significant (
P
=0.04). Thus, the
PON1
192
but not the
PON1
55
gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of MI. This association is not evident among smokers.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Subject
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Cited by
56 articles.
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