The clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 in immunocompromised hosts in comparison to comorbid and immunocompetent patients: retrospective study of 384 cases

Abstract

Objective: Immunocompromised hosts (ICH) are at a higher risk of severe infections and mortality. This study aimed to examine the clinical manifestations and outcomes of ICH who were admitted to the hospital for COVID-19. Method: A total of 384 patients (mean age 61.515.9 y, 168 female) who were hospitalized between March 2020 and December 2020 were included in the study. These patients were examined in three groups: the ICH (n=40), comorbid patients (n=101), and the control group comprising immunocompetent patients without any comorbidities (n=243). All clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from the electronic hospital records and compared between the three groups retrospectively. Results: The mean age was 61.215.0 for ICH, 66.112.3 for comorbid, and 59.617.0 for control groups (p=0.003). We found that the mean leukocyte and neutrophil counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and D-Dimer levels were significantly higher and the albumin level was lower in ICH compared to the other two groups (p