Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) 2017 and 2018: Prospective hospital-based surveillance for serious paediatric conditions-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) 2017 and 2018: Prospective hospital-based surveillance for serious paediatric conditions

Published:2020-06-15 Issue: Volume:44 Page:
ISSN:2209-6051
Container-title:Communicable Diseases Intelligence
language:en
Short-container-title:Commun Dis Intell

Author:

McRae Jocelynne E¹,Quinn Helen E²,Saravanos Gemma L³,Carlson Samantha J⁴,Britton Philip N⁵,Crawford Nigel W⁶,Wood Nicholas J⁷,Marshall Helen S⁸,Macartney Kristine K⁹,

Affiliation:

1. PAEDS Co-Manager, Clinical Nurse Consultant, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS), Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales

2. Senior Research Fellow, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales; Lecturer, Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales

3. Clinical Nurse Specialist, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales

4. School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia

5. Staff Specialist, Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbiology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales

6. Director, SAEFVic, Group leader, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute. Honorary Principal Fellow, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne

7. Clinical fellow, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS); Post-graduate coordinator, Clinical school, Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales

8. Senior Medical Practitioner and Director, Vaccinology and Immunology Research Trials Unit, Women and Children’s Hospital, Adelaide

9. Director, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research Institute, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales; Professor, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales; Staff Specialist, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales

Abstract

Introduction The Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) network is a hospital-based active surveillance system employing prospective case ascertainment for selected serious childhood conditions, particularly vaccine-preventable diseases and potential adverse events following immunisation (AEFI). This report presents surveillance data for 2017 and 2018. Methods Specialist nurses screened hospital admissions, emergency department (ED) records, laboratory and other data on a daily basis in seven paediatric tertiary referral hospitals across Australia to identify children with the conditions under surveillance. In 2017 and 2018 these included acute flaccid paralysis (AFP; a syndrome associated with poliovirus infection), acute childhood encephalitis (ACE), influenza, intussusception (IS; a potential AEFI with rotavirus vaccines), pertussis, varicella-zoster virus infection (varicella and herpes zoster), invasive meningococcal, and invasive Group A streptococcus diseases. An additional social research component was added to evaluate parental attitudes to vaccination. Results PAEDS captured 1,580 and 925 cases for 2017 and 2018, respectively, across all conditions under surveillance. Key outcomes of PAEDS included: contribution to national AFP surveillance to reach the World Health Organization reporting targets; identification of a third human parechovirus outbreak among other infectious diseases linked to ACE; demonstration of variable influenza activity between 2017 and 2018, with vaccine effectiveness (VE) analysis demonstrating that the protection offered through vaccination is season-dependent. All IS cases associated with vaccine receipt were reported to the relevant state health department. Varicella and herpes zoster case numbers remained unchanged, with vaccine uptake found to be suboptimal among eligible children under the NIP. Enhanced pertussis surveillance continues to capture controls for VE estimation. Surveillance for invasive meningococcal disease showed predominance for serotype B at 57% over 2 years among 77 cases where serotyping was available, and surveillance for invasive group A streptococcus captured severe disease in children. Conclusions PAEDS continues to provide unique policy-relevant data on serious paediatric conditions using hospital-based sentinel surveillance.

Publisher

Australian Government Department of Health

Subject

General Medicine

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