Leaf-to-fruit ratio affects the impact of foliar-applied nitrogen on N accumulation in the grape must

Author:

Verdenal Thibaut,Spangenberg Jorge E.,Zufferey Vivian,Lorenzini Fabrice,Dienes-Nagy Agnes,Gindro Katia,Spring Jean-Laurent,Viret Olivier

Abstract

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Agroscope investigated the impact of the leaf-to-fruit ratio on nitrogen (N) partitioning in grapevine following a foliar urea application with the aim of increasing the yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) concentration in the must. <strong></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Foliar urea was applied to field-grown <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. cv. Chasselas grapevines as part of a split-plot trial with two variable parameters: canopy height (90 or 150 cm) and fruit load (5 or 10 clusters per vine). Foliar application of 20 kg/ha of <sup>15</sup>N-labelled urea (10 atom% <sup>15</sup>N) was performed at veraison. The isotope labelling method allowed to observe foliar-N partitioning in the plant at harvest. The leaf-to-fruit ratio varied between 0.4 and 1.6 m<sup>2</sup>/kg, and strongly impacted the N partitioning in the grapevines. Total N and foliar-N partitioning was mainly affected by the variation of canopy height. The YAN concentration varied from 143 to 230 mg/L (+60 %) depending on the leaf area. An oversized canopy (+31 %DW) induced a decrease in the total N concentration of all organs (-17 %), and a decrease in YAN quantity in the must in particular (-53 %). A negative correlation between the N concentration and the carbon isotope discrimination (CID) could be pointed out in a condition of no water restriction (e.g., R<sup>2</sup> = 0.65 in the must).<strong></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: An excessive leaf area can induce YAN deficiency in the must. Thus, a balanced leaf-to-fruit ratio – between 1 and 1.2 m<sup>2</sup>/kg – should be maintained to guarantee grape maturity, YAN accumulation in the must and N recovery in the reserve organs. <strong></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: The results of this study encourage further research to understand the role of other physiological parameters that affect N partitioning in the grapevine – YAN accumulation in the must in particular – and add new perspectives for N management practices in the vineyard.<strong></strong></p>

Publisher

Universite de Bordeaux

Subject

Horticulture,Food Science

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